Causes & triggers

What causes tinnitus?

There is no single cause of tinnitus. The pattern of symptoms and your hearing and health history can help a clinician decide what deserves investigation.

Hearing loss and loud noise

Hearing loss is strongly associated with tinnitus. Loud-noise exposure can contribute to both hearing loss and tinnitus, whether exposure is repeated or comes from an extremely loud event.

Earwax and ear infection

Blockage from earwax or fluid related to an ear infection can trigger tinnitus in some people. This is one reason a basic ear examination can be useful.

Medications

Some medicines are associated with tinnitus, particularly in certain doses or circumstances. Do not stop a prescribed medication on your own; discuss concerns with the prescriber or pharmacist.

Jaw, head and neck factors

Jaw-joint problems, clenching or grinding can sometimes cause or worsen tinnitus. Head or neck injuries are also among recognized associations.

Pulsatile or one-sided symptoms

Rhythmic tinnitus in time with the heartbeat, sudden hearing loss, or persistent one-sided symptoms warrant medical evaluation because the diagnostic pathway may differ.

Next: see management options or the complete tinnitus guide.

Sources & editorial basis

Medical information is educational and is not a diagnosis or treatment plan. Product claims are identified as merchant claims where relevant.